/*---JS------*/
Almost everything in JavaScript can be an Object: Strings, Functions, Arrays, Dates....
Objects are just data, with added properties and methods.
/*---DOM------*/
When a web page is loaded, the browser creates a Document Object Model of the page.
The HTML DOM model is constructed as a tree of Objects:
The HTML DOM is a standard for how to get, change, add, or delete HTML elements.
/*------unicode-----*/
ISO-8859-1 is the default character in HTML 4.01.
ISO (The International Standards Organization) defines the standard character sets for different alphabets/languages.
ASCII stands for the "American Standard Code for Information Interchange".
UTF-8 is the preferred encoding for e-mail and web pages
UTF-16 is used in major operating systems and environments, like Microsoft Windows, Java and .NET.
The Unicode Standard covers (almost) all the characters, punctuations, and symbols in the world.
/*-----HTML5--------*/
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not an HTML tag; it is an instruction to the web browser about what version of HTML the page is written in.
<!DOCTYPE html>
IE Compatibility modes
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
Semantic = Meaning.
Semantic elements = Elements with meaning.
<header>
<nav>
<section>
<article>
<aside>
<figure>
<figcaption>
<footer>
<details>
<summary>
<mark>
<time>
New input types:
color
date
datetime
datetime-local
email
month
number
range
search
tel
time
url
week
New attributes for <form>:
autocomplete
novalidate
New attributes for <input>:
autocomplete
autofocus
form
formaction
formenctype
formmethod
formnovalidate
formtarget
height and width
list
min and max
multiple
pattern (regexp)
placeholder
required
step
New Elements in HTML5
<canvas>
audio
video
embed
source
track
css selectors
div p
div > p
ul + h3
ul ~ table
*
[id]
[id=my-Address]
[id$=ess]
[id|=my]
[id^=L]
[title~=beautiful]
[id*=s]
:checked
:disabled
:enabled
:empty
:focus
p:first-child
p::first-letter
p::first-line
p:first-of-type
h1:hover
input:in-range
input:out-of-range
input:invalid
input:valid
p:lang(it)
p:last-child
p:last-of-type
tr:nth-child(even)
tr:nth-child(odd)
li:nth-child(1)
li:nth-last-child(1)
li:nth-of-type(2)
li:nth-last-of-type(2)
b:only-child
h3:only-of-type
ul li:eq(0)
ul li:gt(0)
ul li:lt(2)
li:not(:eq(1))
:root
Specify two image paths and the @1x image dimensions, and Bootstrap will provide an @2x media query
.img-retina(@file-1x; @file-2x; @width-1x; @height-1x) {
background-image: url("@{file-1x}");
@media
only screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),
only screen and ( min--moz-device-pixel-ratio: 2),
only screen and ( -o-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2/1),
only screen and ( min-device-pixel-ratio: 2),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 192dpi),
only screen and ( min-resolution: 2dppx) {
background-image: url("@{file-2x}");
background-size: @width-1x @height-1x;
}
}
The DOM Programming Interface
HTML DOM methods are actions you can perform (on HTML
Elements)
HTML DOM properties are values (of HTML Elements) that you can
set
or change
The HTML DOM can be accessed with JavaScript
(and with other programming languages).
In the DOM, all HTML elements are defined as
objects.
The programming interface is
the properties and methods of each object.
A
property is a value that you can get or set (like changing the
content of an HTML element).
A
method is an action you can do (like add
or deleting an HTML element).
Prototype
The prototype property allows you to add properties and methods to an
object
object.prototype.name=value
Properties
Properties are the values associated with a JavaScript object.
A JavaScript object is a collection of unordered properties.
Properties can usually be changed, added, and deleted, but some are read only.
JSON
JSON:
Java
Script
Object
Notation.
JSON is a
syntax for storing and exchanging data.
JSON is an
easier to use alternative to XML.
JSON Syntax Rules
JSON syntax is a subset of the JavaScript object notation syntax:
- Data is in name/value pairs
- Data is separated by commas
- Curly braces hold objects
- Square brackets hold arrays
Ex:- {"employees":[
{"firstName":"John", "lastName":"Doe"},
{"firstName":"Anna",
"lastName":"Smith"},
{"firstName":"Peter", "lastName":"Jones"}
]}
