HTML Inforamtion

The HyperText Markup Language (HTML) is the publishing language of the World Wide Web. The first version of HTML was described by Tim Berners-Lee in late 1991. The current W3C Recommendation for HTML is HTML 4.01, published in December 1999. There is however intensive work to define its next version, HTML5. 

Version	Published year
HTML+	1993
HTML2.0	1995
HTML3.2	1997
HTML4.01	1999

In HTML 4.0 all formatting can be removed from the HTML document, and stored in a style sheet. Because HTML 4.0 separates the layout from the document structure, we have what we
always needed: Total control of layout, without messing up the document content.

HTML 4.01 Strict
This DTD contains all HTML elements and attributes, but does NOT INCLUDE
presentational or deprecated elements (like font). Framesets are not allowed

HTML5 is a cooperation between the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Web
Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG).
WHATWG was working with web forms and applications, and W3C was working with XHTML
2.0. In 2006, they decided to cooperate and create a new version of HTML.

Some rules for HTML5 were established:
    * New features should be based on HTML, CSS, DOM, and JavaScript
    * Reduce the need for external plugins (like Flash)
    * Better error handling
    * More markup to replace scripting
    * HTML5 should be device independent
    * The development process should be visible to the public

Metadata is information about data.
URL - Uniform Resource Locator
URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set.
Since URLs often contains characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be

converted into a valid ASCII format.
URL encoding replaces unsafe ASCII characters with "%" followed by two hexadecimal
digits corresponding to the character values in the ISO-8859-1 character-set.
ASCII stands for the "American Standard Code for Information Interchange".  It was designed in the early 60's, as a standard character-set for computers and hardware devices like teleprinters and tapedrives.

ASCII is a 7-bit character set containing 128 characters.
It contains the numbers from 0-9, the uppercase and lowercase English letters from A to Z, and some special characters.
The character-sets used in modern computers, HTML, and Internet are all based on ASCII.
The following table lists the 128 ASCII characters and their equivalent HTML entity codes.
ISO-8859-1 is the default character set in most browsers.
The first 128 characters of ISO-8859-1 is the original ASCII character-set (the
numbers from 0-9, the uppercase and lowercase English alphabet, and some special
characters).
The higher part of ISO-8859-1 (codes from 160-255) contains the characters used in
Western European countries and some commonly used special characters.
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

HTML tags are not case sensitive:
means the same as . Many web sites use uppercase HTML tags.
W3Schools use lowercase tags because the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends
lowercase in HTML 4, and demands lowercase tags in future versions of (X)HTML.

HTML colors are defined using a hexadecimal notation (HEX) for the combination of
Red, Green, and Blue color values (RGB).The lowest value that can be given to one of the light sources is 0 (in HEX: 00). The highest value is 255 (in HEX: FF).
HEX values are specified as 3 pairs of two-digit numbers, starting with a # sign.
The combination of Red, Green, and Blue values from 0 to 255, gives more than 16
million different colors (256 x 256 x 256).
The 17 standard colors are: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, grey, green, lime,
maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow.

Web Formats

Vector Graphic File Types:
Adobe Illustrator saves its files in the Ai format and Corel uses CDR(CorelDRAW) or CMX(Corel Presentation Exchange or Connected Media Experience ) However there are file formats which are 'common' file formats that are cross platform. (Can be opened by many different programs).
EPS and PS:
The oldest and still most widely used method of saving Vector Graphics files for use in a range of other Graphics applications is by saving the file as an EPS or PS. These file formats were created by Adobe and used for saving a file that could be printed on a Post Script Printer. Corel Draw, Inkscape and Illustrator all give this option. EPS (Encapsulated Post Script) is a format where Text, Vector Graphics and Bitmap Images are saved exactly as laid on the program where they were created. Over the years the different programs have got much better at creating these files, in the past there were often irregularities when opening a file in a program other than the one that it was created in. For instance, the text the author used may not be installed on your computer or the Outline thickness may be wrong. Today however saving EPS files between the three major Graphics programs is no longer a problem.
PDF:
PDF (portable document file) was also created by Adobe and is a logical expansion of the PS and EPS format. PDF files can be viewed by anyone with a PDF viewer and have a range of quality options. PDF files can also embed fonts so you don't have to have them installed on the end users computer. PDF files can use file compression and low resolution images to make files for the Web or they can create large high quality files with no compression for Publication. Programs like Scribus, Inkscape and all the Adobe Products can open PDF files and allow you to incorporate or edit them. PDF is the format used to send your final Artwork to a Publisher for Printing.
The high PDF – X3 format is the established industry standard and supported by Adobe In-Design, Scribus and Corel Draw. PDF files are also a popular standard for E-Books, which are books to be viewed and transmitted over the World Wide Web. Pdf files can be viewed on the web by downloading the Adobe Acrobat viewer.
SVG:
SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics). This is a more recent file format used for saving Vector Graphic files. Inkscape saves it's files in this format. SVG files can be viewed on the web and are supported by modern browsers this allows very sharp high quality Vector Graphic Images to be displayed on the Web.
WMF:
WMF (Windows Metal Files) This format has been around for ages and it is a favorite way for saving Clip art that can be scaled to any size. Not all the more complex features of a Graphic image created in one of the programs like Inkscape are saved accurately, but for more simple line based flat color images, the format works very well.
Bitmaps and Raster Images:
Vector Graphics are different to Bitmap (Raster) Images which are the other major way of presenting Images on Computers and in Artwork.Learn Abour Digital Images, Bitmaps, Pixels, Dpi, Ppi, Resolution, Digital Photography, CMYK and RGB